Who or what owns the world?
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Problematic issue
What is a tactile, auditory, visual perception?
Information
Word «information» originates from Latin word informatio, that translation means data, explanation, introduction.
Determination «information» is the based course of informatics, although impossible to give his determination through another determination, more « simple ».
Determination «information» used in different sciences in every science related with different systems concept используется в различных науках, при этом в каждой науке determination «information»связано с различными системами понятий.
Information in biology: Biology study nature determination «information» contacts with behavior living organisms. In living organisms this information pass and save using objects of different physical nature. Genetic information is inherited and is stored in all cells of living organisms.
Philosophical approach: Information – interaction, reflection, the cognition
The Cybernetic Approach': Information – characteristics of the control signal is transmitted over the communication line.
We can distinguish the following approaches to the definition of information
1. traditional – used in informatics: Information – data, knowledge, reports on the status of that person perceives the surrounding world through the senses (sight, hearing, taste, smell, touch).
2. probabilistic - used in the theory of information: Information – data about objects and phenomena and the environment their options, properties, and the state, which reduce the existing degree of uncertainty about them and incomplete knowledge.
3. for people: Information – knowledge receives from various sources through the senses.
Knowledge divided on two groups:
1. Declarative – from word declaration (statements, reports) begin with phrases «I know, that...»;
2. Procedural – define the actions to achieve a goal, begin with the words ««I know, how...»
Classification of information
By means of perception - visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory, gustatory,
By submission of forms - text, number, graphics, music, combined
By public value: Bulk - everyday, socio-political, aesthetic
Special - scientific, technical, managerial, industrial
Personal – our knowledge, skills and intuition
The main properties of information
Objectivity – does not depend on anything opinion
Reliability – reflect the true state of affairs
Full – for understanding and decision
Actual – important for present time
Value - provides a solution to this problem, we need to make the right decisions
Understandability (clarity) - expressed in a language accessible to the recipient
